Screening for cryptococcal antigenemia and analyzsis of the related cryptococcal lesions in hospitalized human immunodeficiency virus infected patients / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To evaluate the prevalence of cryptococcal antigenemia and explore the related cryptococcal lesions in hospitalized human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV )-infected patients . Methods Medical records of 517 HIV-infected patients ,including patients'age ,sex ,clinical features , previous medical history ,laboratory tests ,chest CT ,treatment and the response to treatment ,in the Second Hospital of the Nanjing between January 2016 and February 2018 were retrospectively analyzed . The serum cryptococcal antigen (sCrAg) was detected by lateral flow immunoassay .The χ2 test or Fisherexact test was used to perform the statistical analysis .Results Among 517 HIV-infected cases ,51 were sCrAg positive ,of whom 96 .1％ (49 cases) were men .The cases with CD4+ T lymphocyte count <100 × 106 cells/L accounted for 66 .2％ (342 cases) ,while 90 .2％ (46 cases) in sCrAg-positive patients showed CD4+ T lymphocyte count < 100 × 106 cells/L with statistical significance (χ2 = 14 .6 , P< 0 .01 ) . Multivariable analysis revealed that CD4+ T lymphocyte count <100 × 106 cells/L was independent risk factor for cryptococcal antigenemia (OR= 4 .7;95％ CI:1 .8 -12 .5 , P< 0 .01) .Clinical cryptococcal diseases were found in 76 .4％ (39/51 ) of patients with cryptococcal antigenemia , and cryptococcal meningitis (CM) ,pulmonary cyptococcosis (PC) and cryptococcal septicemia were found in 56％ (28/50) ,52 .9％ (27/51) and 44 .4％ (16/36) of the patients ,respectively .Cryptoccal disease was not identified in 21 .6％ (11/51 ) of the patients with cryptococcal antigenemia (isolated cryptococcal antigenemia) .The median (range) sCrAg titers of the patients with and without CM were 1:1280 (1:10-1:2560) and 1 :15 (1:2-1:2560) ,respectively (P<0 .01) .The proportion of CM in patients with sCrAg titers ≤1:5 ,1:10 -1:320 and ≥1:640 were 0 (0/10) ,50％ (10/20) and 90％ (18/20) , respectively .When cryptococcal infection was restricted to the lung ,87 .5％ (7/8) of the patients had sCrAg titers ≤1:20 .30％ (3/10) of the patients with sCrAg titers ≤1:5 had PC .The median (range) sCrAg titers of the patients with cryptococcal septicemia and with isolated cryptococcal antigenemia were 1:1280 (1:10 -1:2560 ) and 1:5 (1:2 -1:320 ) , respectively . Conclusions T he prevalence of cryptococcal antigenmia is high in hospitalized HIV-infected patients . Most patients with cryptococcal antigenemia have developed cryptococcal diseases .The sCrAg titer in HIV patients may ,in some extend , predicts the condition of cryptococcal infection .sCrAg titers ≥ 1:640 are strongly suggestive of CM . Patients with sCrAg titers ≤1:5 seems unlikely to have CM or cryptococcal septicemia ,however ,clinician should still be alarmed of possible PC .

Analysis on epidemiology and clinical characteristics of 3431 pediatric patients with measles / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To analyze the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of the children with measles. Methods Retro-spectively analyzed methods were applied to analyze the timing, and season of the break, age distribution, clinical manifestations and major complications of 3431 children with measles (<12 years) in the Second Hospital of Nanjing from 2008 to 2015. Results It found that there was a peak incidence of measles in children each in 2009, 2013, and 2015 , peaking in March to May. Onset age of measles mainly within the first year of life, and incidence increased with age within the first 8 months. Typical clinical manifestations are mainly fever, rash, cough, and catarrhal symptoms. The main complications of measles were pneumonia, laryngitis and heart failure. Conclusions Early diagnosis and effective treatment of the children with measles needs to be strengthened.

Sequence Analysis of A Novel HLA-B*13:68 Allele / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The purpose of this research was to identify a novel HLA-B allele in Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The HLA typing of bone marrow donors was performed by PCR-SBT. The ambiguous novel HLA allele was confirmed with GSSP method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sequence of a sample was different from all alleles in the HLA-B databases. The sequence analysis showed that it differed from the closet matching allele HLA-B*13:01:01 at one nucleotide substitution, 137 T > C in Exon2, which resulted in an amino acid change from Phenylalanine (Phe) to Serine (Ser) at codon 22.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A novel allele was identified and named as HLA-B*13:68 by the WHO Nomenclature Committee.</p>

Quantitative analysis of adenosine and cordycepin in Cordyceps sinensis and its substitutes with LC-MS-MS / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a LC-MS-MS method for determination of adenosine and cordycepin in Cordyceps sinensis and it's substitutes.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The sawple was extracted with. 90% methanol. Multi-reactions monitoring (MRM) technique was adopted.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The regression equations and coefficients were Y = 89.04X + 506.85 (r = 0.999 7) for adenosine, Y = 99.66X + 1 251.34 (r = 0.998 8) for cordycepin respectively. The linear range was 5.0-1 000.0 microg x L(-1) for adenosine and cordycepin. The limits of detection (LOD) were 0. 44 microg x L(-1) for adenosine and 0.31 microg x L(-1) for cordycepin, respectively. The average recoveries of adenosine and cordycepin were 98.1% and 97.9%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method was highly sensitive, selective and fast, which can be used for the determination of adenosine and cordycepin in C. sinensis and it's substitutes. This method can also be applied for the quality control of the medicinal materials.</p>

Preparation and identification of human soluble sPD-L1 and its antibodies / 生物工程学报

This study reports the preparation and identification of soluble programmed death-1 (PD-1) ligand-1 (sPD-L1) and its antibodies of mouse origin. Immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography was used to perform on-column refolding with simultaneous purification of denatured sPD-L1, and soluble sPD-L1 with purity of 95% was obtained. The purified sPD-L1 was verified by immunoblotting using a commercial goat-anti-human PD-L1 antibody. An ELISA-based assay showed that it also had high binding activity for its cognate receptor PD-1. Furthermore, mouse anti-sPD-L1 antiserum of high titer was raised using the purified sPD-L1 as an immunogen, and the specific IgG antibodies were purified using sPD-L1-HiTrap affinity chromatography. In addition, a sensitive sandwich ELISA was established using the purified IgG antibodies together with the commercial goat antibodies. In conclusion, the preparation of soluble sPD-Ll and its antibodies provide the basis for detection of the potential anti-PD-L1 antibodies and soluble PD-L1 in humans as well as for further investigation of its in vivo bioactivities and characterization of its potential receptors.

Effect of compound glycyrrhizin on peripheral T-lymphocyte subset in AIDS patients / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To probe the effect and mechanism of Compound Glycyrrhizin in treating AIDS.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty AIDS patients were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group, both treated with HAART. In addition, the former was given Compound Glycyrrhizin for 6 months, and the CD4+ T count and the expressions of CD8+ and HLA-DR on the surface of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were studied before and after the treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 6 months of treatment, the expressions of CD8+ and CD38+ of PBL in the treatment group [(6.6 +/- 2.1)%] were found lower than in the control [(11.4 +/- 3.8)%] (t = 5.043, P < 0.01) and CD4+ T count [(243.6 +/- 91.2) x 10(6)/L vs (170.8 +/- 55.7) x 10(6)/L] rose more significantly (t = 3.045, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound Glycyrrhizin can lower the expression of active T-lymphocyte subset, inhibit HIV and help immune reconstitution.</p>